Albeet beotjghton



'UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT BROUGHTON, OF MALONE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND ALEXLINDSAY, OF SAME PLACE.

STUMP-EXTRACTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 28,806, dated June 19, 1860.

To all whom fit may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT BRoUGH'roN, of Malone, in the county ofFranklin and State of New York, haveinvented a new and useful Machinefor Pulling Trees and Stumps, to be Called Broughtons PortableStump-Puller; and I do hereby declare that the following -is a clear,full, and exact description of the construction and operation of thesame, reference being had to the accompanyin drawings, which make a partof this speci cation, and in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view ofthe whole machine prepared for use and attached to a stump; Fig. 2, aside elevation of the main lever prepared for use and attached to atree; Fig. 3, a side elevation of the hoisting gin; Fig. 4, a sectionalong the line a-b of Fig. 5 showing the construction of t-he ratchetand pawl and the hand lever by which they are moved; Fig. 5, a plan ofthe hoisting gin stretched out in a horizontal position and prepared formounting on wheels; and Fig. 6, a side elevation of the hoisting gin,mounted on wheels and converted into a carriage or cart for thetransportation of the whole machine.

The nature of my invention consists in the attachment together andcombination of the hoisting gin tackle blocks and main lever in suchmanner and proportions as when attached to a stump or tree to exert adirect upward force upon the roots.

To enable others to make and use my invention I will proceed to describeits construction and operation.

I The 'constmwtz'of/a.

The machine essentially consists of the hoisting gin (A B C D E Figs. 1,3 and 5) the main lever (M M Figs. 1 and 2) and the wheels (WT )V )VFig. 6) and their appurtenances. Y i

1st. The hoisting gin (A B C D E Figs. 1 and 3) is made like theordinary hoisting gin in all respects except the following, viz (1) Thepawl and ratchet; the ratchet and windlass G G (Figs. l and 4) are setinto the blocks F F and F F; and the pawl P plays on the block K (Fig.4) which is fastened to the cross-bar I by the bolt Y (Fig. 4) and thespring Z serves to keep the pawl P pressed closely against the ratchetGr. (2) The hand lever (L L Fig. 4) has an upper end or handle which ismade of wood; to this the lower end which is made of iron 2 inches inthickness is bolted in the manner shown in Fig. 4 and this iron plate ishollowed or cut out in the manner shown in the same ligure so that whent-he lower point or hook of the lever is caught on one tooth of theratchet the upper part of this semicircle in the iron may press againstthe second tooth back from this first one: This lever may with perfectease be attached or detached to or from the ratchet at pleasure. (3) Theblocks F F and F Fare made projecting out from the frame work of thehoisting gin and in their upper part at Q Q, (Figs. 1, 3 and 4) a notchor slot is cut which is intended to receive the axle of a pair of wheelsto be attached to the gin when it is to be removed. The longer leg E Bof the hoisting gin has at its upper end an iron hook (c Figs. 3 and 5)which when the gin is placed in a horizontal position as in Figs. 5 and6 catches against and rests upon the bar 'c-Z which is placed across theother two legs C E and A E at the points shown in Figs. 5 and 6, andthus serves to sustain the forward part of the gin (or cart as itbecomes) when mounted upon wheels as in Fig. 6.

2nd. The main lever (M M Figs. 1 and 2) consists of a single strong beamof timber about 15 feet in length about 8 inches square at the smallerend and about 12 by 18 inches in size at the largest place which issituated at a distance of from 2 to 4 feet from the larger end; in thislargest part of the beam a slot or mort-ice (O, O, Fig. 1) about 3 feetlong and 2 inches wide is out running lengthwisel of the beam andextending downward entirely through it; through this slot is passed aniron rod (H H I-I Figs. 1 and 2) 2 inches in diameter; the lower end ofthis terminates in a hookand on its upper end is cut a screw on whichworks the nut N and the washer V, the lower surface of which is madeslightly convex, as shown in Fig. 2; on the upper side of the smallerend at convenient distances are placed the iron hooks J, J, to which thetackle block T is to be attached; and the larger end of the lever is outaway in the form shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

3rd. The wheels (WV W W Fig. 6) are ordinary wagon wheels of mediumsize, turning on an axle tree of square timber of the same size as thenotches Q Q in the blocks F F and F F and furnished with two large ironbolts placed at a distance apart corresponding with the distance apartof the blocks F F and F F, through which blocks holes are bored at Q Qof sufficient size to allow these projecting bolts to pass freely; andthe gin being let down onto these wheels the axle fitting into thenotches Q Q and the bolts passing through the corresponding holes thegin is changed into a cart like vehicle for the conveyance of itself andthe rest of the machine and its apparatus.

Il. The operation.

lst. To move the machine to the field where it is to be used thehoisting gin must first be mounted on the wheels and this, the gin beingin the upright position shown in Fig. 3, may be easily done by a singleperson by setting the wheels and axle immediately beneath the gin, theaxle parallel to the plane of and a short distance in front of the twoshorter legs, and then carrying the loose or single leg outward (keepning the end pressed to the ground to retard the downward motion) andthus lowering the gin gradually down until it rests upon the axle thelatter entering the slots Q Q and the bolts above mentioned passing upthrough the holes in the blocks; then, the levers and the rest of themachine and its apparatus being loaded onto the frame work of the ginand so adjusted as to nearly balance the whole upon the axle, the framework of the gin is converted into the body and the longer leg into thetongue of a cart or carriage and by attaching any convenient power tothis tongue the machine may be drawn to the desired location; or ifdesirable the power may be attached directly to the body of the gin andthe tongue turned back or taken out.

2nd. To set up the hoisting gin, the cart is to be placed opposite toand about ten feet from the stump or tree to be pulled, and the leversand the rest of the load moved to the hind end of the cart; when theirweight will tip that end down to the ground and the forward end of thebody and the hind end of the tongue up so that a single man by liftingat first at the points D D, and then pushing upward on the tongue mayeasily raise the body to the upright position of the gin in Figs. 1 and3 meanwhile the wheels (being but loosely attached to the gin) willremain upon the ground and may then be removed.

8rd. To pull a stump the rst step, after the placing of the gin, is todig around and under a root of proper size and strength at a distance offrom 2 to l feet from the body of the stump and then to pass a shortchain around under it as shown in Fig. l

at R; next, to place the larger end of the main lever upon the top ofthe stump and the smaller end under the center ofthe hoisting gin asshown in Fig. l; then, to pass the rod H H through the slot O O and tohook the lower' end firmly into the chain above described; next, toplace the washer V on the rod, above the lever, and to screw the nut Ntightly down. This being done the lower tackle block T must be attachedto one of the hooks J J and then the machine is ready for use, and is tobe worked by applying the hand lever L L to the ratchet G and so turningthe windlass until by the upward force exerted by the tackle block Tupon the main lever M M and by the main lever (by means of the rod andhook, H H H) upon the root R, until the stump is either entirelyextracted from the ground or so nearly so that it may be easily removedby hand. In most cases the chain above described may be dispensed withand the hook H H used in its stead as in Fig. 2 and generally this isthe more convenient method.

4th. In grubbing as for railroad and other purposes it becomes desirableto remove trees bodily trunk branches and all. In such cases thismachine may be used for that purpose by merely cutting a notch in thebody of the tree (as is shown in Fig. 2 by the line K K K) and attachingthe main lever and rod and hook in the same manner as above andoperating as in the case of a stump until the tree is raised so that 10oits weight will assist its fall which will always be in a direction awayfrom the machine and not toward it, as in other machines.

5th. Fruit or shade trees of almost any 105 size may be pulled, fortransplanting, by 'this machine without injury to the roots by simplypassing the chain under the roots close up to the trunk and then placinga block a little beyond the tree, to be used 110 as an artificialfulcrum for the main lever M M, and operating as before.

6th. To move the machine any short distance, as from one stump toanother, it is only necessary for the operator to place his 115 shoulderto and alternately lift and carry each of the legs of the gin forward orbackward, right or left as the case requires, a short distance in thedirection in which it is desired to move the machine and to con- 120tinue this operation until the proper location is reached; and when thework is completed the gin may be let down onto the wheels in the manneralready stated the machinery and implement-s packed upon it 125 and thewhole drawn away at the pleasure of the operator.

It will be observed on inspecting the model that the arrangement andproportions of the mainV lever, tackle blocks, windlass, 130

and hand lever are such that a downward force of one pound on the outerend of the hand lever will exert an upward force on the rod and hook H HH of from 600 to S00 lbs.; and consequently in the working of themachine, a man exerting on thehand lever a downward force of 200 lbs.will produce an upward force on the root varying from (S0 to 80 tons inamount.

By actual experiment and practice in pulling stumps with my machine Ihave proved beyond doubt the following facts: lst, that my machinerequires but little iron or metal work or chain and may be constructedat an u expense of about thirty dollars only; 2nd, that a single man mayset it up take it down and move it around with but little difficulty;3rd, that with it a single man of-ordinary strength can pull up anyordinary stump, while 2 or 3 men can with advantage be employed in itsuse, and 3 men can exert all the power which can ever be wanted to pullany stump or tree; and 4th, that by the use of the main lever M M Ivirtually produce the same effect which would be produced if nature hadprovided the stump or tree with a root of the same length and strengthas the lever and as if the tackle block had been attached to and theupward force exerted upon this root at the same distance from the trunkas the hooks J J; and that this main lever is in effect merely such anartificial root. From these facts and from careful comparison of mymachine and its working with the other machines for that purpose now incommon use I deduce and assert for my machine the following advantagesabove all others: (l) its superior and perfect po-rtableness; itsgreater facility and effectiveness of operation; its adaptation todifferent kinds of work; it pulling large trees for transplantation andgrubbing as well as stumps for clearing land; (4) that the hoisting ginis so made that it may be used for other purposes besides stump pulling,as in raising stones or other heavy bodies or in loading wagons ortrucks, thus adding to the real usefulness of the machine; (5) that thedirection given to the operation of the power of the machine being suchas to pull the stump or roots directly upward out of the ground is muchpreferable in point of economy of power to the horizontal twisting orrotary motion of most if not all other stump machines; and (6) that as awhole it is cheaper of construction7 easier of transportation, lessexpensive and difficult of operation, more powerful and efficient inaction and in all respects superior to any stump machine in existence oruse.

It will be seen from the foregoing description and the accompanyingdrawings that I have made various minor improvements in several of thedifferent parts of my machine still I do not claim these or any of theseparate fixtures or portions of the machine as my invention but on thecontrary I disclaim each and every one of these parts taken separatelyeach by itself alone, but

IVhat I do claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent isl. The mode ofconverting the hoisting gin into a cart or vehicle for thetransportat-ion of the machine and its apparatus, as shown in Fig. 6.

2. The arrangement connecting together and combination of the hoistinggin and main lever in the manner shown in Figs. l and 2 for the purposesabove stated 3. The method of attaching the main lever to the roots ofthe tree or stump as shown in Figs. l and 2 and above described togetherwith the use of the main lever, as arranged, for the purposes hereinstated 4. rI`he arrangement connecting together and the combination ofall the several parts of the machine, substantially in the manner shownin the annexed drawings and above described, for the purposes and usesin this specication above stated and set forth.

ALBERT BROUGHTON. wWitnesses:

JOHN HU'r'roN, F. F. IVEAD.

